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Solar can be divided ball into three main parts are the internal structure and the gaseous surface and atmosphere.
First, the internal structure
It consists of three main parts (nucleus) and (radiation zone) and (lambs) area.
1. core Core
The core of the sun is a huge ball of compressed gas is very high degree with a diameter of 400 thousand kilometers, and as a result of this pressure on the solar core increases the density of gas in so many weight centimeter per cubic about 150 grams, which is higher than lead density by about 11 times. And reaches the temperature of the nucleus to about 20 million degrees Celsius, a place where hydrogen cooking is it and turn it into helium and the starting power due to the high temperatures that are working on the fusion of all four hydrogen atoms to form an atom of helium, where the difference turns in weight between the hydrogen integrated and helium output to energy.
2. Radiation Zone area of Radiation
The layer that surrounds the nucleus and has a thickness of about 325 thousand kilometers, and reaches a temperature of the proximal part of the nucleus to 8 million degrees Celsius, while the temperature of the outer edge of the radiation area is about 1.5 million degrees Celsius. Radiation layer works to carry the solar radiation released from the nucleus to the outer layer which lambs area, but not for this role played by the radiation layer to a huge explosion occurred sun since posed by the pressure formed in the nucleus. In addition, the radiation layer converts outbound from the solar core gamma rays to with different long waves, such as X-rays, infrared and ultraviolet rays and visible light rays.
3. lambs Zone area of Convection
The layer that surrounds the radiation zone, up to a thickness of 171.25 kilometers, and reaches a temperature of the outer part of which about 15 thousand degrees Celsius. The main function of this layer is carrying issued from the nucleus of the hot gases through the radiation zone to the surface of the sun, hot Gases coming from the soles of the sun (nucleus) rises to the surface of the sun through solar classes across the columns of hot gas called the ascending currents, and when you get these hot gases sun's surface cooled relatively goes back through the descending currents to the soles of the sun to heat it up again, so the sun is Aftbqat columns of rising or falling gases.
Second, the surface of the sun Photosphere
It is the outer layer of the structure of the sun so it can be seen clearly this layer of the earth when monitored astronomical observation sun telescopes, and has a thickness of this layer 500 kilometers, and thus less sun layers thicker, and can be likened to this layer relative to the sun crust apple proportion to the size of the apple itself. This layer is also called (optical layer) because the light come out towards the outer space, and characterized this class when spotted balloons that fly at high altitudes above the ground in order to avoid the absorption of radiation by the atmosphere, characterized by the emergence of (shiny granules) Granules, and these granules gleaming an emerging gas regions, and appear around these granules dark granules are cold gases that go back to the soles of the sun, so it looks a little bleak. The diameter of these granules is about 1,500 kilometers on average, and can these granules accumulate with each other to form a relatively large granules, usually these gases do not last for more than one day and then disappear to show other grains.
Third: Solar Atmosphere atmosphere.
A thickness gaseous atmosphere of the sun about 5 million kilometers from the sun's surface and even the outer layer of the atmosphere, and the solar atmosphere can be divided into two main categories, namely: -
1. chromosphere Chromosphere
Also it called the colored layer, an adjacent layer to the surface of the sun and has a thickness of about 500 kilometers. You see this layer only when a total eclipse of the sun, before the eclipse is complete with two seconds to just extremely beautiful red package in the eastern edge of the sun appears, and then also appear again after the eclipse with two seconds to the completion of the western edge of the sun disk so called (colored layer).
2. Corona Koruna
It is the outer layer of the colored layer, and a thickness of between 10-20 million kilometers from the sun's surface, due to the transparency of this layer and the nature of the invading warm so it can not be viewed from Earth only during the solar eclipse is complete, where they appear on the halo shape of the light surrounding the sun disk, a a gas emanating from the sun into space or (solar wind).
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